Calculating machine



Feb. 24, c L NZ I CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 16, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheetl FI GLI INVENTOR CARL E. LENZ A ORNEY Feb. 24, 1942. c. E. LENZCALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 16, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR CARLE. LENZ ATIORNEY Feb. 24, 1942. Q LENZ CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June16, 1959 5 SkieeoS-Sheet- 3 lNVENTOR CARL E. LENZ B I ATT RNEY Feb.24,1942. c. E. LENZ 3,274,075

' CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 16, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG. 5

INVENTO R CARL E. LENZ 'ATTO R NEY Feb. 24, 1942. c, LENZ' 2,274,076

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 16,1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR CARL E.LENZ ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 24, 1942 CALCULATING MACHINE Carl E. Lenz,Jamaica, N. Y., assignor to Reming'ton Rand Inc., Buffalo, N. Y., acorporatlon of Delaware Application June 16, 1939, Serial No. 279,384

(01. ass-61m 2 Claims.

This invention relates, generally, to calculating machines, and moreparticularly to a perforated card machine adapted to perform theoperation of addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Such a machineis described in application S. N. 69,570 of Elmer I-I. Dreher, filedMarch 18, 1936, and in the British Patent No. 490,418, issued March 18,1936.

The machine embodying this invention comprises three principalmechanisms for the performance of three distinct operations. Themechanisms and their functions are namely, (1) a multiplying mechanism,which multiplies a plurality of digits, (set therein either manually orby a perforated record card) to obtain a product which, together withthe factors, is printed on a record sheet and is also run into anaccumulator from which totals may be obtained; (2) a sensing mechanismwhich sensed the factors from a perforated card, and causes acorresponding set-upin the multiplying mechanism; and (3) a punchingmechanism which, under control of the multiplying mechanism, punchesfactors, products, and totals in a record card. In short, the machine isadapted to sense factors from a perforated;

card, and compute the product which is then punched in the same card,printed on a record strip, and stored in a totalizer. The totals may beprinted on the record strip or punched in a separate summary card.

Each of the three mechanisms is suitably interconnected by appropriatecontrol devices.

The machine is of a character wherein the multiplier or multiplicand, orboth, may be set into the multiplying mechanism either manually or undercontrol of a perforated card. Also, the multiplier may be set up bymanual operation and the multiplicand by a perforated card, and viceversa. Further, a multiplier, once set in the multiplying mechanism, maybe retained therein, I

for successive cycles of the machine by simply depressing a repeatcontrol-key. Thus it is possible to set up a master or common multiplierand then send a card, having only a multiplicand punched therein,through the sensing unit, whereupon, the multiplicand contained in thecard will be set into the multiplying mechanism. The timing of thevarious mechanisms is so co-related that as the card is sensed and theset-up is made, a control link is depressed to set the multiplyingmechanism in operation.

While the multiplying unit is going through its computing cycle, thecard is passed from the sensing chamber into a punch-unit wherein it isretained until the multiplication operation of the multiplying unit iscompleted, and, the product, together with the multiplier, is punched inthe card.

Upon completion of each multiplying cycle, the multiplicand is clearedfrom the machine, but the multiplier remains set up in the mechanismuntil the clear key is operated by the operator or the mechanism iscleared by the use;of a clear control card.

In previous machines, a complete cycle would take place each time a cardwas sensed. That is to say, for example, when a master card, the solepurpose of which was to set up a multiplier in the machine, was sensed,the multiply-control link would be tripped and the multiplying mechanismwould go through a cycle although no multiplication would be performed.Next, when a detail card, containing the multiplicand, was sensed, themultiplying mechanism would, again, be set in operation, at which timethe mechanism would perform a multiplication, and would thus effect thevarious other operations assigned tothe multiplying unit. When nextaclear-card was sensed, the multiplying mechanism would-again be set inoperation and would again go through a cycle without performing anymultiplications. It is apparent, therefore, that, under such conditions,should there be a repeated series of cards comprised of a master card, adetail card,

, and a clear card, the multiplying mechanism would, in each case, gothrough'three complete cycles for every multiplication performed; Thismeans that two of the three cycles of the multiplying unit, in so far asactual effective computation was concerned, were unnecessary and,therefore, wasted.

The machine of this invention, howevenprovides a means whereby a mastercard, or a clear card, may be sensed; the multiplier fsetup either madeor cleared (depending on the card); and the card ejected; without themultiplying mechanism going through a cycle.

This arrangement effects a considerable saving of time, for the cardfeeding and sensing mechanism operates at a speed five times as great asthat of the multiplying mechanism. It is apparent, therefore, that onlyone fifth the time required to sense the card and retain it in the punchunit until the multiplying mechanism completes a cycle before ejectingthe card, will be necessary when the card is simply sensed and ejectedimmediately. Another advantage of the present machine, over previousones, is that since the head, or multiplying mechanism, does not gothrough a cycle, the listing mechanism will not be operated on themultiplier set-up and clear card sensing. Thus there will not be a blankspace on the record strip, such as would appear on the old machines, foreach of the non-multiplying cycles. Hence a more readily legible recordresults, a saving or paper is effected, and unnecessary wear and tear onthe multiplying unit is avoided.

It is, therefore, the principal object of this invention to provide acard controlled multiplying machine which will not go through amultiplying cycle when a master set-up card or a clear card is sensed.

A second object of this invention is to provide a card controlledmultiplying machine which will permit the sensing of a greater number ofcards, in a given time, than was previously possible.

Another object of this invention is to provide a card controlledmultiplying machine in which a control mechanism, operated through acontrol hole in the card, will cause the card'to be ejected from themachine without the multiplying mechanism going through a cycle.

Other objects and structural details of the invention will be apparentfrom the following description when read in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a left-hand elevational view of the calculating machine withparts of the cover broken away to expose the invention and associatedmechanism;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail elevation, partly in section, of thecontrol mechanism for the multiplying unit, taken from the left side ofthe machine;

Fig. 3 is an elevational detail View of the base control mechanism,looking towards the right of the machine;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 4-4 ofFig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view taken along line 55 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary isometric view, of the invention, showing therelation that the various control links bear to each other; I

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary left-hand elevational detail view of theinvention showing the related position of the various links of theinvention to the main shaft of the machine.

As previously mentioned, the machine of this invention comprises threemechanisms which act together, in properly timed relationship, toperform the three operations of sensing, multiplying, and punching ofvarious factors in a perforated card.

The operation of this machine as a whole is essentially the same asthe-operation of the machine described in the above mentionedapplication S. N. 69,570.

The machine itself, differs mechanically from that of S. N. 69,570 inthat there is only one motor in the present machine as compared to twomotors in the other machine. Also there is added to the sensing unit ofthe present machine a special control mechanism which does not appear onthe machine of the Dreher application.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3 a starting button I is fixed on the forwardend of a plunger 2 which protrudes through and is slidably mounted in ahousing on the forward wall of the base frame 3.

-The plunger is provided with suitable limit stops and is normally heldin position shown in Fig. 3

M a suitable spring (not shown). A pin 4 conshown) nects the plunger 2to a link 5 which extends rearwardly and is connected to an arm 6pivoted on a frame stud l. A forwardly extending hooked member 8 ispivotally mounted on the upper end of arm 6 and is urged downwardly by aspring 9 extended from the midpoint of the arm to a rearwardly extendingear on a vertical link 10. The lower portion of the hook 8 lies in thesame vertical plane as an upwardly extending toggle breaking arm which,(in Fig. 3) is pivotally connected to a frame stud.

When starting button I is pressed hook 8, through the toggle breakingarm, effects the breaking of two toggles. Both toggles lie behind linkI0 and are relatively positioned one directly behind the other (asviewed in Fig. 3). One of the toggles is pivotally connected to andcooperates with link I0 while the other is pivoted on the frame stud andcooperates with a rock arm H. The operation and construction of thesetoggles is described in detail in the above cited application.

Breaking of the two toggles permits an arm H fixed to a transverse shaftl2, to rock clockwise under the influence of a clutch spring (notRocking of arm ll engages a clutch to a pulley (on the right side of themachine and, therefore, not shown) thus beginning a cycle of operationof the base mechanism.

The vertical link If! extends upwardly through suitable slots in theupper frame piece, l3, of the base of the machine, and is pivotallyconnected to the forward end of an adjustable two armed lever l4. LeverI4 is pivoted, near its midpoint, on a stud l5 and is provided at itsrearward end, with a lug [6 that overlies an interponent ll. InterponentI 1 is in vertical alignment with lug IS on the lever l4, and the upperend of an actuator link l8. Link I8 is connected to and operated by anarm [9, which is suitably pivoted on a frame stud 2D and is providedwith a follower roller 2| cooperating with a cam 22 fixed to a mainoperating shaft 8|.

Immediately after the base cycle has been started, the broken togglecooperating with link I I), is straightened by the action of a spring,which spring, is constantly tending to keep the toggle in a straightenedposition, thereby elevating vertical link l0 and rocking lever M toplace lug IS in close proximity to the interponent I1. Thus when thelink I0 is in its elevated position, a rigid connection exists betweenlever I l and arm ll, consisting of the upper portion oi link 10 and thestraightened toggle. Therefore when the high spot on cam 22 elevateslink la the lever M will rock clockwise to depress link l0 and rock,therethrough, arm H to disengage the clutch, thereby stopping the basemechanism.

As the arm H is rocked the second toggle, which is pivoted on the framestud, is straightened by its spring and holds arm I I in its rockedposition until the toggles are again broken, to initiate another cycleof the base mechanism.

Also, when cam 22 has rotated through approximately 235 degrees of arevolution, the high spot thereon rocks an offset bell-crank 23 pivotedon frame stud 20. The other arm 24, of the bell-crank, is connected by apin-in-slot connection to a control link 25. A spring 26 tensionedbetween the pin on the bell-crank arm and a stud on link 25 resilientlyholds the two members in cooperative relation.

The upper extremity of link 25 (see Fig. 2) is connected to and rocks anarm 2'! pivoted on a stud 28 on the side frame of the head mechanism.

Arm 2! is formed with a nose which overlies a bent-over ear on a latch29 and cooperates with the latch to release a cross head bumper 30 (Fig.1). Release of the bumper 30 initiates a multiplying cycle by starting across head 3| on its rearward stroke. The aforementioned application S.N. 69,570 of Elmer H. Dreher describes completely and in detail theconstruction and operation of the cross head 3| and also describes thevarious mechanisms and operations controlled thereby.

The relative timing of the various base mechanisms is such that, duringthe period in which the high spot on cam 22 is traveling from itsstarting position (as shown in Fig. 3) to a position immediately beforeit rocks bell-crank 23, the feed rolls will have passed a card into thesensing chamber and the sensing mechanism will have effected a keyset-up corresponding to the information contained in the card. When thearm 24 is rocked, link 25 will be depressed and will release bumper 3!),by engaging the bent over portion of latch 29 with arm 21 thus startinga multiplication cycle. During the remaining 125 degrees of revolutionof the cam 22, the card is passed into a punching chamber and the basemechanisms are returned to normal position, after which, they arestopped when the high spot on the cam 22 effects the disengagement ofthe drive clutch. The multiplying unit, having been started during thebase cycle, continues through its cycle after the base component hasbeen stopped and is, finally, brought to rest when the cross head isreturned to its home position.

Thus it is apparent that a complete cycle of operation of the machineconsists of a cycle of the base component and a partially overlappingcycle of the multiplying unit.

As the cross head starts on its rearward stroke, it rocks a cam lever32, (lever in Fig. 49 of above mentioned application S. N. 69,570) in aclockwise direction. The lever is again returned to its normal position(as shown in Fig. 2 of this specification and Fig. 48 of S. N. 69,570)when the cross head, on its forward stroke, returns to its homeposition. This rocking of lever 32, with each cycle of the multiplyingcomponent, is utilized to restart the base mechanism and thereby enablethe machine to operate automatically.

A lever 33 pivoted on a frame stud 34 is provided with a follower roller35, on its downwardly extending arm, adapted to ride upon a cam face 36on lever 32. A horizontal link 31 connects the other arm of lever 33 tothe vertical arm of a bell-crank 38 pivoted on the forward part of themultiplying unit side frame. The horizontal arm of bell-crank 38 isconnected to and operates a vertical link 39 whichextends downwardly andterminates in a hooked end element 40. The hook 40 (Fig. 3) fits into aslot formed between a short link 4| and the horizontal arm of abellcrank 42 pivoted on the same frame stud as one of the clutchoperating toggles. The vertical arm (not shown) of bell-crank 42 has astud mounted thereon, which engages the breaking arm of each of the twotoggles lying in back of link ||l, thereby affecting a break every timebell-crank 42 is rocked.

The lower end of link 39 is urged forwardly by a suitable spring (inthis case, spring 43, extending between a frame stud 44 and a hookelement 45 secured to link 39). Hence the leading face of hook 40, onlink 39, normally bears against a pin 46, which connects link 4| tobell-crank 42, as shown in Fig. 3, unless the link 39 is held indisabled or retracted position by other means.

Thus, when the high spot on cam 22, through its associated linkage,causes cross head latch 29 to be disabled, the cross head startsrearwardly, and in so doing, rocks lever 32 clockwise which also allowslever 33 to rock clockwise, thereby allowing link 39 to drop downwardly,due to its own weight, and engage pin 46 with the hook 40. When thecross head 3| is returned to its home position, at the end of themultiplying cycle, cam face 36 on lever 32, cams the follower 35 to rocklever 33 counter-clockwise, effecting, thereby, the elevation of link39, to rock bell-crank 42. As before stated, rocking of bell-crank 42causes a break in the clutch control toggles which acts to initiate acycle in the base mechanism.

It may be seen, therefore, that the multiplying mechanism will, beforecoming to complete rest, initiate a new cycle in the base component ofthe machine, while the base mechanism will, in going through its cycle(unless otherwise prevented from so doing, as will hereinafter bedescribed), initiate a new cycle of operation in the multiply ingmechanism. Thus the machine runs continuously one mechanism acting toinitiate a'cycle in the other, before itself coming to rest.

As hereinbefore stated, it is often desirable to pass certain cardsthrough the base mechanism of the machine, without initiating a cycle inthe multiplying component of the machine. Under such conditions thosecards which are designated as control cards and are used either for acommon multiplier set-up or for clearing a set-up already in themachine, are sensed and passed through the base mechanism without thatcomponent coming to a stop at the completion of its cycle. The mechanismcontinues running until another card is sensed, after which (unless thesecond card is also a control card) the multiplying mechanism controllink is tripped to initiate a cycle of that component and the basemechanism stops. This result is brought about by the mechanism shown inFig. 6. See also (Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5).

One of the translator interponent bars, 41, similar to 441 Fig. 58 ofthe above application lying between the upper pin box of the sensingunit and the translator is provided with a laterally extending lug 48.In this embodiment of the invention, the bar corresponding to the secondindex position of the first column in a column card is used, althoughany other position might be suitably designated to serve the samepurpose. The lug 48, underlies and cooperates with an arm 49 of a bail59 which is pivotally mounted on a shaft 5|. The forward end of bail 50(as viewed in Fig. 6) terminates in a two armed vertical lever 52, thelower arm of which has a stud, 53, mounted thereon, in cooperativerelation with a hook nosed latch lever 54, pivoted on a stud 55 in abracket 56. A spring 51 tensioned between an upwardly extending arm ofbracket 56 and the forward arm of the latch lever 54, urges the latchmember 54 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 7). The upper arm oflever 52 has connected thereto, by a stud 58, a link 59 which is pivotedto, and rocks a lever 69 formed on a bail 6| pivotally mounted on ashaft 62. Also, connected to lever 69, at its lower extremity, is theinterponent which lies between actuating link l8 and lug l6 on lever arml4. The under side of interponent IT has a suitably located notch 63 cuttherein of sufficient size and depth to permit an unhampered upwardmovement of link I8 when the interponent I1 is moved forwardly-of themachine (to the right as is shown in Fig. 7).

Connected to and operated by the forward arm of bail 6| (as viewed inFigs. 6 and 7) is a shouldered link 64 which underlies a stud 65 in themultiplying control link 25. The shoulder on link 64 is of asuitablecontour, such thatwhen the link is in a normal position, the multiplyingcontrol link 25 may be depressed without any interference, but when link64 is moved forwardly (to the right Fig. 7), by the rocking of bail 50,the shoulder of the link is interposed between stud 65 and a portion ofthe upper side frame [3A, (Figs. 4 and 5), arresting thereby, thedownward movement of link 25.

A follower roller 66 (Figs. 3 and 6) mounted on a horizontal .arm 61 ofa bell-crank 68 pivotally mounted on a frame stud 69 cooperates with acam on the main shaft of the base mechanism. A suitable tension springll connected to the vertical arm of bell-crank 68 urges the followerinto contact with the face of the cam 10. The arm 61 has a draw link 12connected thereto, which extends through a slot in the frame piece l3and lies adjacent the latch lever 54. A stud 73, mounted in the upperend of draw link 12 overlies and cooperates with latch member 54.

When a card having a perforation in the control position is sensed,interponent bar 41 is raised by the sensing pin thereby rocking bail 56counter-clockwise. Rocking of ball 56 moves link 59 rearwardly of themachine to rock bail 6|. Also, latch 54 engages stud 53 to hold bail 50in operated position. The rocking of bail 6| acts, at once, to moveinterponent I! and shouldered link 64 forwardly.

Forward movement of interponent I7 causes that member to take a positionwhere link l8 may rise into the notch 63 of the interponent. Hence whenat the completion of a cycle of the base mechanism, cam 22 raises linkI8, that link will simply rise into the space provided in theinterponent, without raising that member and, consequently, will notrock lever arm l4. lever I4 is not rocked at the completion of thecycle, link Ill will not be depressed to rock arm II and disengage,therethrough, the clutch from the driving pulley. Therefore the basemechanism will go through another cycle.

The shouldered link 64, which is also pulled forwardly upon rocking ofbail 6i, interposes its shoulder portion between stud 65 on link 25 andthe frame piece lI-ZA. It may be seen, therefore, that by reason of theshoulder arresting the movement of stud 65, link 25 cannot be depressed.Therefore the pin on arm 24 will simply tension the spring 26 as itmoves idly through the slot in link 25, when the high spot on cam 22operates bell-crank 23. Consequently no cycle'of the multiplyingmechanism will be initiated.

Since Also, at the beginning of each cycle of operation of the basemechanism, the high spot on cam 10 depresses the follower arm 61,depressing, therethrough, draw link 12 sufiiciently to cause the stud13, mounted thereon, to raise latch lever 54 and thus unlatch tud 53 onlever arm 52. Thus the various hails and links, controlled thereby, arepermitted to return to normal position, under influence of a spring Mtensioned between link 64 and a stud 15 mounted in an adjustable member16. Member 76 is a small rectangular steel. plate having slots cuttherein through which two bolts 11 pass, to adjustably, fix the memberto frame piece I3A. The forward face 18 of member I6 acts as a limitstop for the shouldered link 64.

It is obvious, therefore, that when a card having a control hole anddata punched therein, is sensed the information contained in the cardwill be transferred to, and set up in the multiplying component of themachine, but no multiplying cycle will be initiated. Also, since theclutch of the base mechanism is not disengaged under such conditions,the mechanism will continue running, to eject the control card and bringa new card into the sensing unit, without any interruption in cardfeeding.

While I have described what I consider to be a highly desirableembodiment of my invention, it is obvious that many changes in formcould be made without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I,therefore, do not limit myself to the exact form herein shown anddescribed, nor to anything less than the whole of my invention ashereinbefore set forth, and as hereinafter claimed.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a record controlled multiplying machine having record card feedingand sensing mechanism, driving means therefor, computing mechanismacting to perform multiplication involving factors sensed by saidsensing mechanism, driving means for said computing mechanism, each ofsaid mechanisms including means normally acting to stop its associatedmechanism at the end of each cycle of operation thereof, a link operatedby said feeding and sensing mechanism and normally acting to initiate anoperation of said computing mechanism, and means whereby said computingmechanism initiates an operation of said feeding and sensing mechanismwhereby normally the machine operates continuously in a succession ofvalternating cycles of the two said mechanisms, the combination of a pairof elements arranged for movement with a common movable member, one ofsaid elements cooper able with said link and the other of said elementscooperable with said means for stopping the card feeding and sensingmechanism, means for imparting movement to said member upon the sensingof a special perforation in a record card to simultaneously move saidfirst mentioned element to a position whereby the same blocks the actionof said link to prevent a cycle of said computing mechanism and thesecond mentioned element to a position whereby the same temporarilydisables the means for stopping the card feeding and sensing mechanismso that the latter will operate through two successive cycles without anintervening cycle of the computing mechanism, and a latch for holdingsaid movable member in said moved position.

2. In a record controlled multiplying machine having record card feedingand sensing mechanism, driving means therefor, computing mechanismacting to perform multiplication involving factors sensed by saidsensing mechanism, driving means for said computing mechanism, each ofsaid mechanisms including means normally acting to stop its associatedmechanism at the end of each cycle of operation thereof, a link operatedby said feeding and sensing mechanism and normally acting to initiate anoperation of said computing mechanism, and means whereby said computingmechanism initiates an operation of said feeding and sensing mechanismwhereby'normally the machine operates continuously in a succession ofalternating cycles of the two said mechanisms, the combination of a pairof elements arranged for movement with a common movable member, one ofsaid elements cooperable with said link and the other of said elementscooperable with said means for stopping the card feeding and sensingmechanism, means for imparting movement to said member upon the sensingof a special perforation in a record card to simultaneously move saidfirst mentioned element to a position whereby the same blocks the actionof said link to prevent a cycle of said computing mechanism and thesecthe computing mechanism, and a latch capable I of holding said devicein said moved position and under control of said card feeding andsensing mechanism whereby same will be released during a cyclesubsequent to the sensing of the special perforation.

CARL E. LENZ.

